Feasibility Study Shows Promise for Gulf-Europe Hydrogen Link

RINA and AFRY, two renowned engineering firms, have conducted a groundbreaking study on the viability of a hydrogen pipeline connecting the Gulf region and Europe, aiming to transport low-carbon hydrogen—a pivotal element in future climate-friendly energy and industry systems—directly from the Gulf to Europe. The study highlights the immense potential of the Gulf as a cost-effective source of low-carbon hydrogen and presents a transformative opportunity for both regions.

With its abundant Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Natural Gas reserves, the Gulf region is poised to emerge as a global leader in green and blue hydrogen production, as well as ammonia and other synthesis products. The proposed hydrogen pipeline would span Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt, traversing the Mediterranean Sea to reach Europe. While ambitious, the initial assessment indicates the feasibility of this visionary endeavor.

According to the study, a well-designed pipeline configuration could transport approximately 2.5 million tonnes of hydrogen annually, equivalent to 100 TWh of energy. Moreover, by constructing additional pipelines, the transport capacity could be significantly expanded, unlocking even greater potential for hydrogen transportation between the Gulf and Europe.

The estimated cost of transporting hydrogen through this pipeline initially stands at around 1.2 EUR/kg H2. In return, the Gulf countries could supply Europe with green and blue hydrogen at Levelised Costs Of Delivered Hydrogen (LCODH) of approximately 2.7 EUR/kg by the 2030s, decreasing to around 2.3 EUR/kg in the long term.

The current geopolitical challenges facing Europe have prompted the exploration of alternative avenues for energy security. The proposed hydrogen pipeline offers a compelling solution, complementing existing initiatives such as the EastMed Natural Gas project, while providing a competitive and efficient means of bulk transport for hydrogen and its synthesis products.

Antonio Nodari, a member of AFRY’s Executive Management Team, emphasizes the significant opportunity presented by this collaboration, highlighting the team’s comprehensive understanding of both the opportunities and challenges associated with the project. The study not only identifies the obstacles but also offers practical solutions to overcome them.

Andrea Bombardi, Executive Vice President at RINA, underscores the study's importance in advancing the hydrogen economy. The collaboration between RINA and AFRY has identified a potential stable corridor that brings together supply and demand. This visionary project represents a decisive contribution to scaling up hydrogen adoption and integrating a green energy and industry system across Europe and the MENA region.